Where to start the construction of a private house, if you have only a desire and you do not know what to do next
When planning to build a house, you need to think carefully about everything. Indeed, with a clear plan of action, all stages of work, from design to finishing, will be more successful, efficiently and quickly. But not everyone is well aware of where to start building a house. What should be taken at the very first moment? Many people ask themselves this question. Let's try to answer.
- Finance is a priority
- Time does not wait - how much can it take?
- What size should the apartment be?
- One floor, two or more?
- What to make the walls of the house
- We are building a roof - which one?
- Heating and Sewerage
- Who will build?
- We are looking for a project for home
- Video. How to start the construction of a private house
Finance is a priority
Even at the stage of selecting a project, we proceed from the amount we have. So, if you build a house from aerated concrete blocks or ceramic bricks, then on average 1 m² of such housing will cost $ 650. This includes the cost of materials, as well as the work of builders (their services account for up to 40% of the total cost). So, a house of 100 m² will cost $ 65,000. By the way, a large house per square meter will be cheaper than a small one. The cost of building a frame-type house will be cheaper. And one more thing: keep in mind that there are all kinds of emergency expenses, and 15% of the total budget should be allocated to them.
Now let's figure out what can affect the value of the house in one direction or another.
Increase the cost of construction:
- The complex shape of the house and the presence of decor on the facade.
- Balconies and basement.
- The abundance of small rooms.
- Custom designs, second light in the rooms, high ceilings.
- Roof with a bizarre shape or too sharp angle.
Cheaper construction:
- Replacing the second floor with an attic.
- Simple square shape of the house, smooth facade without protrusions and grooves.
- A large number of windows.
- Minimum internal partitions.
To make it easier to carry out calculations, we list what stages the construction of a house consists of, and what part of the total budget should be allocated to each of them.
- A zero cycle will require 15% of finance. It includes pouring the foundation (if necessary). The walls are erected not earlier than a month after that. When preserving construction for the winter, the foundation is covered.
- 35% of the estimate takes work for general construction purposes. They include installation of the roof and masonry walls, both internal and external. This is done so that the load on the base is uniform. This stage must be completed before the winter colds.
- The next 15% of the funds will be taken by the installation of windows and doors, as well as the insulation of the house.
- Another 15% will be allocated to communications. Pipes, plumbing fixtures, the boiler is checked after installation.
- The remaining 20% of the estimate belongs to the interior decoration. It is not necessary to rush with it - inside the insulated house you can work as long as you like.
Time does not wait - how much can it take?
Build housing - a serious matter. Determining where to start the construction of a private house, it is necessary to prepare for the fact that the process will not be very fast. Depending on the technology used, building a house can take a different time. In any case, brickwork takes longer than assembling a frame or wooden house. Those who want to build a house very quickly usually get a ready-made set of materials and fixtures for a frame or wooden house. Such a prefabricated building is mounted as a designer for a fairly quick period.
But with any technology, I want to meet the minimum deadlines. By the way, the longer the construction lasts, the more money you have to invest in it. Experts advise well to calculate the start time of the construction and investment in it.After all, it is optimal to move into a house until winter cold has come. Let the internal finishing work by this time not be completed - nothing, the main thing is that it will be possible to live.
The speed of construction of a frame house is high, but you will have to purchase all the details at a time.
The speed of building a house of brick or blocks is much lower, but money can be invested gradually.
What size should the apartment be?
The area of the future home primarily depends on the size of the wallet. It is also important how many people will live in the built house. It has been established that 30 m² per family member is more than enough. If five people live in the house, then its area, respectively, should be about 150 m².
And now we list the basic rules by which the living area is determined.
- The house should have two zones: day (kitchen, living room, dining room, hallway, toilets) and night (bathrooms and bedrooms). The first one is closer to the entrance, and the second is in the back of the house.
- The day area is made quite spacious for living. A family of 3 to 5 people is enough from 40 to 60 m² of area.
- For a night zone, a family of 3 to 5 people needs from 50 to 70 m² of area. Everyone should have their own room for sleeping.
- More than three people in a family need two toilets. Bathrooms are equipped one in two bedrooms.
- From 10 to 15 square meters, give to the terrace, and from 10 to 20 square meters to corridors, stairs and storage rooms.
The full second floor has a large area compared to the attic.
One floor, two or more?
A neat house is square in shape and will cost inexpensively, and is economical in maintenance, and it is easier to equip it inside. Therefore, if you do not need an area of more than 100 m², then you can stay at such a one-story house. It is especially convenient for the elderly. A two-story house is built when you want space, but not at the expense of the site. Three floors will be appropriate when the plot is small and the area of the house should be large. On the upper floors make rooms where they are infrequent. Guest rooms and bedrooms for the elderly occupy part of the first floor.
They build a house not only in height but also in depth. It's about the basement. When equipping it, consult with a specialist - what if you have underground water nearby on your site. If the relief of the soil allows, you can make a spacious basement, having arranged in it a billiard room, sauna or workshop. And the house, built on a slope of a hill, asks to make him a basement. It can accommodate a garage, and a kitchen, and a pantry.
What to make the walls of the house
And how to start the construction of a private house without having to think about how to build it? That's right - nothing. And first of all, we decide on the choice of material for the walls. Frame light houses for the most part consist of light structures and insulation, so they are built quickly and cost less. In buildings made of concrete and ceramic blocks, the walls are thicker, build them longer, observing the necessary breaks for setting the mortar.
To facilitate the selection, we list the differences between heavy block and light frame houses.
- A house built of blocks must be made on a deep foundation of a strip type. A frame house can be built on a simple columnar foundation.
- Light houses require wooden or metal ceilings. In block buildings, they can be made of reinforced concrete or in the form of wooden beams.
- Although building a frame house is cheaper and faster, but its service life is shorter than that of a house made of “heavy” materials. The latter can last a hundred years. And the house made of heavy piece materials warms up more slowly in the summer and cools in the winter.
- But during the construction of a block or brick house on the site, you will have to dilute a lot of dirt - you have to make a solution and lay down the materials. Light materials do not require wet stages of construction and the entire construction process looks more compact.
We are building a roof - which one?
The more complex the contours of the house, the tricky and the shape of its roof. It is both more difficult and more expensive to make, and it can leak in places of bends. So it doesn’t always make sense to refine with the form.Sometimes simple lines in combination with the original roofing material look much more interesting. Roofing materials are both in the form of sheets, and piece.
- Sheet materials (slate, metal and seam roofs) are lightweight and inexpensive. They are well suited for a simple roof with rectangular slopes. There is almost no waste. A rare crate is arranged under them.
- Piece materials are a different type of tile. For laying it you need an experienced master. The tile is suitable for any shape of the roof. It can be made of bitumen, ceramics or cement-sand mixture. The cheapest is a bitumen roof. But the crate under it is only continuous. Ceramic tiles are the most expensive, but serve for a very long time. Under it, powerful rafters are needed.
Articles can help with the choice of roof and roofing materials:
- Types of roofs of private houses by design and geometric shapes.
- The better to cover the roof of the house - how to choose a roofing material.
Heating and Sewerage
1. The cheapest way of heating is a gas boiler. If the site is gasified, then this method will be the best. Keep in mind that obtaining the appropriate permits will cost a certain amount.
When gas is not supplied, it is worth thinking about electric heating. To put an electric boiler inexpensively.
Solid fuel boilers are very economical; they are easier to install than gas ones. But they need coal or firewood.
The combined boiler is still expensive, so it is practical to use it only in large houses.
2. Sewerage is an essential point in building a house. If in the village where you are building, it is centralized, then you only need to connect. If not, then it is necessary to mount either a septic tank or VOC - a local treatment plant. Their pros and cons are on.
- VOC will require more space than a septic tank, and will also cost more.
- The septic tank, unlike VOCs, is not afraid of any chemicals.
- For a large family, the treatment system is more practical, since the volume of the septic tank is limited.
Who will build?
In order not to regret hiring unfortunate workers, we will entrust the professionals with the start of the construction of a residential building and finishing work. In this case, you can go in several ways.
- For each stage of work, we hire a separate team that specializes specifically in the foundation, roofing or masonry of walls. The main thing is to know who to ask in case of marriage.
- It is possible for a large construction company to entrust the whole matter by concluding an agreement on the responsibility of the parties. This will give a guarantee.
- A house made of wood or on a frame, which is designed by a design and construction organization, it makes sense to let it build.
- As for decoration and engineering, let them conduct experts with good reviews.
Choose builders with particular care, because not only the cost of work is about 40% of the cost of the whole house, the quality and comfort of the home depend on it.
We are looking for a project for home
When choosing a project, you can go in two ways: take a standard one or develop an individual one. A finished project costs 5, or even 10 times cheaper. It will allow you to see immediately the future home "in all its glory." An individual project is developed up to two months. But when building a large house or complex plot, it is better to stay on it. In other cases, the best solution would be to search for a project on various Internet sites.
